Volume-XI, Issue-IV, July 2025 |
পতঞ্জলির
দৃষ্টিভঙ্গিতে যোগ ও স্বামী বিবেকানন্দের দৃষ্টিভঙ্গিতে যোগ: একটি তুলনামূলক বিশ্লেষণ
সঞ্জয় পাল, রাজ্য
সাহায্যপ্রাপ্ত কলেজ শিক্ষক, দর্শন বিভাগ, রাইপুর ব্লক মহাবিদ্যালয়, বাঁকুড়া, পশ্চিমবঙ্গ,
ভারত |
Received: 07.08.2025 | Accepted: 23.09.2025 | Published Online: 30.09.2025 | Page No: 1-9 | ||||
DOI: 10.29032/ijhsss.vol.11.issue.05W.124 | |||||||
Yoga in the Perspective of Patanjali and Swami Vivekananda: A Comparative Analysis Sanjoy Paul, SACT, Department of Philosophy, Raipur Block Mahavidyalaya, Bankura, West Bengal, India | ||
ABSTRACT | ||
This paper presents a comparative analysis between the classical Yōga philosophy based on Maharṣi Patañjali’s Yōga Sutras and the modern interpretation of Yōga as presented by Swami Vivekananda. While both approaches aim at self-realization and ultimate liberation through the discipline of Yōga, they differ significantly in philosophical orientation, scope of application, and spiritual objectives. Patañjali’s Yōga, rooted in the dualistic metaphysics of the Sāṅkhya system, follows the Ashtanga Yōga to attain Kaivalya, the complete isolation of Puruṣa from Prakr̥ti. In this system, restraint of mental modifications (Citta br̥tti nirōdha) and detachment are essential. On the other hand, Swami Vivekananda, though accepting Patañjali’s Yōga system, reinterprets it through the lens of Advaita Vedanta and a humanistic worldview. He envisions Yōga not merely as a path to personal liberation but as a comprehensive discipline harmonizing Jñāna Yōga, Bhakti Yōga, Karma Yōga, and Raja Yōga aimed at both spiritual growth and social welfare. Vivekananda’s approach reflects ethical activism, service to humanity, and universal unity, making Yōga applicable and relevant even within household life. This study highlights the similarities between Patañjali and Vivekananda’s systems such as self-discipline, moral purification, and introspection while also analyzing their differences, particularly in metaphysics, the concept of the self, and the ultimate goal of spiritual practice. Patañjali’s Yōga is introspective, structured, and ascetic, whereas Vivekananda’s Yōga is expansive, inclusive, and centered on the realization of the divine in every human being. | ||
Keywords: Patañjali, Swami Vivekananda, Self-realization, Jñāna Yōga, Bhakti Yōga, Karma Yōga, Raja Yōga, Ashtanga Yōga. |